How do Trees Survive Winter?

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Published Sep 28, 2015

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Humans can go inside or put on clothes, but trees spend winter naked in the cold. Why don't they all die?
Created by Henry Reich
Animation: Ever Salazar
Production and Writing Team: Alex Reich, Peter Reich, Emily Elert
Music: Nathaniel Schroeder:
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References
Cavender-Bares, J. (2005). Impacts of freezing on long distance transport in woody plants. Vascular transport in plants, 401-424.
Davis, S. D., Sperry, J. S., & Hacke, U. G. (1999). The relationship between xylem conduit diameter and cavitation caused by freezing. American Journal of Botany, 86(10), 1367-1372.
Ewers, F. W. (1985). Xylem structure and water conduction in conifer trees, dicot trees, and lianas. International Association of Wood Anatomists Bulletin,6(4).
Pittermann, J., & Sperry, J. S. (2006). Analysis of freeze-thaw embolism in conifers. The interaction between cavitation pressure and tracheid size. Plant Physiology, 140(1), 374-382.
Willson, C. J., & Jackson, R. B. (2006). Xylem cavitation caused by drought and freezing stress in four co‐occurring Juniperus species. Physiologia Plantarum, 127(3), 374-382.
Zanne, A. E., Tank, D. C., Cornwell, W. K., Eastman, J. M., Smith, S. A., FitzJohn, R. G., ... & Beaulieu, J. M. (2013). Three keys to the radiation of angiosperms into freezing environments. Nature.

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