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The International Court of Justice (ICJ) delivers its Order in the case of Iran v. USA

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The ICJ delivers its Order in the case Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America (provisional measures) .
THE HAGUE, 3 October 2018. The International Court of Justice (ICJ), the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, today delivered its Order on the Request for the indication of provisional measures submitted by Iran in the case concerning Alleged Violations of the 1955 Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations, and Consular Rights (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America). The Court begins by recalling that, on 16 July 2018, Iran instituted proceedings against the United States with regard to alleged violations of the Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights concluded between the two States in 1955. The same day, Iran also submitted a Request for the indication of provisional measures, seeking to preserve its rights under the 1955 Treaty pending the Court’s final decision in the case.
The Court then sets out the factual background to the case. It notes in this regard that, on 8 May 2018, the President of the United States issued a National Security Presidential Memorandum announcing the end of the participation of the United States in the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) — an agreement on the nuclear programme of Iran reached on 14 July 2015 by Iran, the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, plus Germany and the European Union — and directing the reimposition on Iran of “sanctions lifted or waived in connection with the JCPOA”. In the Memorandum, the President observed, inter alia, that Iran had publicly declared that it would deny the International Atomic Energy Agency access to military sites, and that, in 2016, Iran had twice violated the JCPOA’s heavy-water stockpile limits. It was announced that “sanctions” would be reimposed in two steps. Upon expiry of a first wind-down period of 90 days, ending on 6 August 2018, the United States would reimpose a certain number of “sanctions” concerning, in particular, financial transactions, trade in metals, the importation of Iranian-origin carpets and foodstuffs, and the export of commercial passenger aircraft and related parts. Following a second wind-down period of 180 days, ending on 4 November 2018, the United States would reimpose additional “sanctions”.
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